Filesystem switched to read-only

I had a Kodi freeze when stopping live tv, so I send “systemctl restart kodi” via ssh. After the restart nearly all of my settings were gone. It was the first time this happened, and I use Kodi (Xbmc) for about 6 years.

This is an extract from my log file:

Code:
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Previous line repeats 1 times.
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Database
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Database/CDDB
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/library
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/Video
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/Video/Bookmarks
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Savestates
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/0
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/1
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/2
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/3
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/4
01:36:48.119 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/5
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/6
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/7
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/8
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/9
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/a
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/b
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/c
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/d
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/e
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/Thumbnails/f
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/addon_data
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating special://profile/addon_data
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating gs/keymaps
01:36:48.120 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Create - Error creating special://profile/keymaps
01:36:48.122 T:140327681375552   ERROR: Unable to create new database

...

01:36:49.270 T:140326530422528   ERROR: EXCEPTION Thrown (PythonToCppException) : -->Python callback/script returned the following error<--
                                             - NOTE: IGNORING THIS CAN LEAD TO MEMORY LEAKS!
                                            Error Type: <type 'exceptions.OSError'>
                                            Error Contents: [Errno 30] Read-only file system: 'gs'
                                            Traceback (most recent call last):
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.extendedinfo/plugin.py", line 12, in <module>
                                                from resources.lib import process
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.extendedinfo/resources/lib/process.py", line 16, in <module>
                                                import Trakt
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.extendedinfo/resources/lib/Trakt.py", line 8, in <module>
                                                import TheMovieDB as tmdb
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.extendedinfo/resources/lib/TheMovieDB.py", line 9, in <module>
                                                from kodi65 import kodijson
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.module.kodi65/lib/kodi65/__init__.py", line 9, in <module>
                                                from listitem import ListItem, VideoItem, AudioItem
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.module.kodi65/lib/kodi65/listitem.py", line 8, in <module>
                                                from kodi65 import utils
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.module.kodi65/lib/kodi65/utils.py", line 21, in <module>
                                                import YDStreamExtractor
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.module.youtube.dl/lib/YDStreamExtractor.py", line 8, in <module>
                                                import YoutubeDLWrapper
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.module.youtube.dl/lib/YoutubeDLWrapper.py", line 6, in <module>
                                                from yd_private_libs import util, updater
                                              File "/storage/.kodi/addons/script.module.youtube.dl/lib/yd_private_libs/util.py", line 9, in <module>
                                                if not os.path.exists(TMP_PATH): os.makedirs(TMP_PATH)
                                              File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
                                              File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
                                              File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
                                              File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
                                            OSError: [Errno 30] Read-only file system: 'gs'
                                            -->End of Python script error report<--

It seems that a filesystem error on my ssd occurred, so it switched to read-only mode. I booted the PC with a gparted usb stick and ran fsck on both the system and storage partitions. No error was found.
I don’t know how to fix this error or if it can be fixed at all. Since I can still access all relevant files and have a dedicated disk for these two partitions, it would just be a matter of some hours to setup a fresh system. But if the error could be fixed with some command line trickery I would highly appreciate this.

Can anyone help me, please?